It shows good in vitro activity against herpes simplex and varicella-zoster viruses. This conversion is thought to result from first-pass intestinal and hepatic metabolism through enzymatic hydrolysis. Deposition of crystals in renal tubules is the common mechanism of acyclovir-induced nephrotoxicity, although tubulopathy and acute tubular necrosis without crystallization have been reported as well [Another toxicity that can be observed, particularly in patients with baseline renal impairment, is neurotoxicity, which generally occurs 3 days after ingesting acyclovir. One hundred women were randomized and received ACV and 100 were assigned to the placebo arm. Participants were assigned randomly to take ACV (400 mg orally, twice daily) for 28–36 weeks. MECHANISM OF ACTION. It is used for treatment of various forms of herpes virus infection in humans and also has been used for treatment of viral infections in animals. Mechanism of Antiviral Action: Acyclovir is a synthetic purine nucleoside analogue with in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1), 2 (HSV-2), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Research Triangle Park, NC; 2003 Nov The cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) are important intermediaries of allergic airway disease. It is primarily used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections, chickenpox, and shingles. Valacyclovir is converted rapidly to ACV completely after oral administration. Acyclovir is a synthetic purine analogue (acyclic nucleoside analogue). Its therapeutic potential is most impressive in active parenchymal or systemic HSV infections. There was a reduction of incidence of PROM at 36 weeks but this was not statistically significant in the ACV and placebo arms. The latency stage of the viral infection is not affected. Probenecid decreases the renal clearance of aciclovir and can prolong the plasma excretion half-life. Formation of aciclovir aldehyde may also contribute to tubular toxicity.Reports have linked administration of aciclovir (and less commonly valaciclovir) with central nervous system (CNS) disturbances, including agitation, hallucination, disorientation, tremors, clonus and seizures. Both control and treated patients were administered ACV after 36 weeks of pregnancy until delivery. The common AEs of ACV included nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness and mental changes.A randomized double-blind controlled trial compared the safety and efficacy of different strains of lactobacilli and ACV in female patients with recurrent genital HSV-2 infections. Acyclovir is a new antiviral drug that acts as a specific inhibitor of herpesvirus DNA polymerase. Acyclovir: Mechanism of Action, Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Clinical Applications - PubMed Acyclovir is a new antiviral drug that acts as a specific inhibitor of herpesvirus DNA polymerase. A significant reduction occurred in the incidence of preterm delivery (11.1% vs 23.5%) in the ACV and placebo arms, respectively. The exact mechanism of acyclovir causing neurotoxicity is unknown, though it can be attributed to the drug inhibiting deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase, leading to change in mitochondrial function [We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. It has antiviral activity against herpes virus. This is the first case report of ACV-induced immune thrombocytopenia in VZV patients. However, feline herpes virus 1 (FHV1) is resistant to acyclovir and valacyclovir, and studies are lacking on the susceptibility of other herpes viruses. Public Health Foundation; 2006 Jan:171-92Gartner LM, Morton J, Lawrence RA, et al, "Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk," GlaxoSmithKline. Zovirax® (acyclovir sodium) for injection prescribing information. Infrequent adverse effects include Aciclovir may be quantitated in plasma or serum to monitor for drug accumulation in patients with renal dysfunction or to confirm a diagnosis of poisoning in acute overdose victims.Resistance to aciclovir is rare in people with healthy immune systems, but is more common (up to 10%) in people with immunodeficiencies on chronic antiviral prophylaxis (transplant recipients, people with Aciclovir is poorly water-soluble and has poor oral Aciclovir was seen as the start of a new era in antiviral therapy, as it is extremely selective and low in In 2009, acyclovir in combination with hydrocortisone cream, marketed as Xerese, was approved in the United States for the early treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (cold sores) to reduce the likelihood of ulcerative cold sores and to shorten the lesion healing time in adults and children (six years of age and older).It was originally marketed as Zovirax; patents expired in the 1990s and since then it is generic and is marketed under many brand names worldwide.InChI=1S/C8H11N5O3/c9-8-11-6-5(7(15)12-8)10-3-13(6)4-16-2-1-14/h3,14H,1-2,4H2,(H3,9,11,12,15)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The duration of pain was shortened from an average of 86 to 49 days, and the incidence of PHN was reduced to 42%.Valaciclovir, a prodrug of acyclovir, is almost completely converted to acyclovir Acyclovir is generally well tolerated; however, nephrotoxicity has been widely reported. A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial among 200 HSV-2-positive pregnant women at 28 weeks of gestation was included in the study.